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Chongqing City, referred to as "Yu", also known as Mountain City and River City, is a municipality directly under the Central Government of the People's Republic of China and a megacity, a national central city, [1] [247] an important central city in China approved by the State Council, a national historical and cultural city and an international comprehensive transportation hub city. It is a national advanced manufacturing base, a western science and technology innovation center and a gateway to the outside world, and a shipping center in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. [1] It is a financial center in the west, [240] [246] [248] an international consumer center city, [239] it has 38 districts and counties under its jurisdiction, [163] with a total area of 82,400 square kilometers, [28] by the end of 2024, Chongqing's permanent population will be 31.9047 million. [259]
Chongqing is located in southwest China. It is the only city in China that has a national logistics hub with five types of services: water, land, air, production services, and commercial services. [2] It plays a supporting role in the development of the western region, a driving role in the Belt and Road Initiative, and a demonstration role in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. [3-4] It has a national-level Wuling Mountain (southeast Chongqing) Tujia and Miao Cultural Ecological Protection Area [265]; it has the world cultural heritage Dazu Rock Carvings, the world natural heritage Wulong Karst, and Nanchuan Jinfo Mountain. Chongqing is the birthplace of Bayu culture and has a history of more than 3,000 years. [144] It has been called "Natural Chongqing" since ancient times. [156] Emperor Guangzong of Song Dynasty first named him Prince Gong and then ascended the throne. He promoted Gongzhou to Chongqing Prefecture, hence the name. The Xia Shang Ba Kingdom established its capital here. [145] The Great Xia Kingdom was established here in the late Yuan Dynasty. [195] Chongqing was opened as a port in the late Qing Dynasty and the National Government moved its capital to Chongqing, making Chongqing the political, military, economic and cultural center of the rear area of modern China and the birthplace of the Red Rock Spirit. [144] In the early days of the People’s Republic of China, it was the seat of the Southwest Region and a municipality directly under the Central Government. In 1997, it was restored to a municipality directly under the Central Government.